Microvilli (stereocilia) projecting from the apex of hair cells in the inner ear are actively motile structures that feed Liquid Soap energy into the vibration of the inner ear and enhance sensitivity to sound.The biophysical mechanism underlying the hair bundle motor is unknown.In this study, we examined a membrane flexoelectric origin for active
Development of two species of the Trypanosoma theileri complex in tabanids
Abstract Background Trypanosoma theileri species complex includes parasites of Bovidae (cattle, sheep, goat, etc.) and Cervidae (deer) transmitted mainly by Tabanidae (horse flies and deerflies) and keds (Hippoboscidae).While morphological discrimination of species is challenging, two big clades, TthI and TthII, each containing parasites isolated f
The Nameability Effect and its Importance for Category Learning
In this review, a new and important nameability effect — the effect of the ease of naming parts of objects on categorical learning — is discussed: new categories are more easily learned when the related objects consist of easy-to-name parts.Although the effect has only recently been described, studies have revealed its importance not on
Serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule-1, and cystatin-C in renal artery stenosis: A pilot study
Background: The present pilot study evaluated the potential of newer renal biomarkers (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL], cystatin-C Gloves [Cys-c], and kidney injury molecule-1 [KIM-1]) in estimating subclinical renal injury due to renal artery stenosis (RAS).Materials and Methods: A total of 13 patients of magnetic resonance angio